Electronics deals with electrical circuits using active components like transistors,diodes etc.Playing with electronic components is real fun....trying out different components...connecting them in different circuits...analyzing the results etc.Experimenting on electronics is interesting when compared to the boring theory classes.But in order to design circuits for specific functions on must have a clear idea on electronics base....how the components work etc.
Transistor as a switch
The second most common use of transistor after amplifier is its switching action.
The circuit for the same consist of a transistor.
en.wikipedia.org
The collector terminal of the transistor is biased using a voltage source.When the input voltage at base terminal is zero the transistor is in cutoff state and the transistor is in off state.When a voltage above 0.7 is applied the transistor is switched on.
This basic switching circuit can be used to control components like LED's motor relays etc.These components are connected to the the collector junction.In order to ensure proper working of the components the input is provided through a resistor.Now these components can be controlled using the input signal like the component will work only when the input is high enough.
The above circuit cannot be used to control a normal bulb as the 230V required for the bulb will burn away the transistor used.So relays are used .Relays is basically an electrical switch which works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal as in the above case.A relay has got an electromagnet.When the electromagnet is no induced the relay remain in normal position.When the electromagnet is activated the magnet pulls its arm to a new position thus giving a new connection. A transistor switch is used to control this relay which will control the high power device.
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This switching circuit can be further improved using a which controls the input to the transistor.That is a system to control the device
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Transistor as a switch
The second most common use of transistor after amplifier is its switching action.
The circuit for the same consist of a transistor.
en.wikipedia.org
The collector terminal of the transistor is biased using a voltage source.When the input voltage at base terminal is zero the transistor is in cutoff state and the transistor is in off state.When a voltage above 0.7 is applied the transistor is switched on.
This basic switching circuit can be used to control components like LED's motor relays etc.These components are connected to the the collector junction.In order to ensure proper working of the components the input is provided through a resistor.Now these components can be controlled using the input signal like the component will work only when the input is high enough.
The above circuit cannot be used to control a normal bulb as the 230V required for the bulb will burn away the transistor used.So relays are used .Relays is basically an electrical switch which works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal as in the above case.A relay has got an electromagnet.When the electromagnet is no induced the relay remain in normal position.When the electromagnet is activated the magnet pulls its arm to a new position thus giving a new connection. A transistor switch is used to control this relay which will control the high power device.
This switching circuit can be further improved using a which controls the input to the transistor.That is a system to control the device
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